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Kundt’s Tube Apparatus

Model: HO-ED-A-02

Holmarc's Kundt's tube apparatus (Model No: HO-ED-A-02) is a device for measuring the speed of sound. Any waves traveling along the medium will reflect back when they reach the end creating a standing wave allowing harmonics to be identified. Nodes occur at fixed ends and antinodes at open ends. Furthermore, it provides an insight into the interesting phenomenon of standing sound waves.

In this experiment the amplitude of the sound wave can be observed at different locations in the tube, allowing a half wave length to be measured between an adjacent maximum and minimum.

Here, one-side closed cylindrical transparent pipe filled with air is used as a resonator. One end of the tube is attached with a loudspeaker where as the other end is fixed with a movable piston with reflector and a microphone. An AC voltage applied to the loudspeaker, tunes the membrane to vibrations that are transferred to the gas or air column. Frequency can be changed by enlargement or diminishment of the glass cylinder as well as by changing the frequency of the generator.



Experiment Examples

    To find the velocity of sound in air with the help of head phone

The velocity of the wave is,

V   =   ʋ λ

Where υ is the frequency and λ is the wavelength in the case of longitudinal waves, the wavelength is the difference between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions.



    To find the velocity of sound in air using Lissajous Figures

A sine wave from an audio oscillator and the signal picked up by a movable microphone to produce Lissajous figures and determine the speed of sound.



Specification

    Transparent solid tube, 59 mm dia x 1000 mm long

    End housing fixed with 2” speaker for creating the sound waves

    Piston on a long rod to create variable length closed tubes

    Driver unit to interface the microphone to an amplifier or oscilloscope
Features

    The scale can be rotated and positioned (for measuring the microphone position)

    The parts can be easily removed from the tube and re-packed for storage in the classroom

    The microphone is sensitive and strong

    The piston fits in the tube with close tolerance. The piston supporting rod is made of brass

Microphone position Vs. Number of wave lengths

Related Topics

    Longitudinal waves

    Sound velocity

    Frequency

    Wave length

    Stationary waves

    Natural vibrations
Scope of Supply


    Kundt's Tube with Graduated Scale

Model No: ED-A-02-KTGS
Material
:
PMMA
Length
:
1000 mm
Diameter
:
60 mm
Quantity
:
1 no.
Kundt's Tube with Graduated Scale

    Speaker with Sound sealing Case

Model No: ED-A-02-SSC
Quantity
:
1 no.
Speaker with Sound sealing Case

    Microphone with Piston

Model No: ED-A-02-MP
Quantity
:
1 no.
Microphone with Piston

    Head Phone

Model No: ED-A-02-HP
Quantity
:
1 no.
Head Phone

    Speaker

Model No: ED-A-02-SP
Quantity
:
1 no.
Speaker

    Kundt's Tube Control Unit

Model No: ED-A-02-KTCU
Quantity
:
1 no.
Kundt's Tube Control Unit

    Accessories

Allen keys
CRO (optional)
User Manual



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